5 September 2023 by Shahriar Lahouti. Peer-reviewed by Mojtaba Chardoli. Last update 16 July 2025. CONTENTS Preface Anatomic backbone End-organ injury Hemodynamic monitoring Tool kit Effective monitoring Hemodynamic...
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Shahriar Lahouti
Magnesium Disorders: A Rapid Review for the Emergency Department
25 July 2025, by Shahriar Lahouti. CONTENTS Preface Basics Physiology of Mg homeostasis Interpreting Serum Mg Level Hypomagnemia Definition & Epidemiology Causes Clinical manifestation Associated Electrolytes...
Undifferentiated Shock: Approach to Diagnosis and Stabilization in ED.
1 December 2022, by Shahriar Lahouti. Last updated 3 August 2025. CONTENTS Preface General consideration Diagnosis Stages of shock Severity of illness Epidemiology and causes of shock Investigating the cause of...
Atrial Fibrillation in Critically ill Patients: Innocent Bystander or Criminal?
November 14, 2021, by Shahriar Lahouti. Last Update 18 July 2026. Peer-reviewed by Dr. Mojtaba Chardoli. CONTENTS ◾️Atrial Fibrillation Introduction with a case Definition and Diagnosis of AF New onset of AF...
Evaluation and Management of Bradycardia In The Emergency Department
8 May 2025, by Shahriar Lahouti. Peer reviewed by Abdolghder Pakniyat. CONTENTS Preface Practical aspect Clinical manifestation Etiology General evaluation Overview of management principles and Treatment lines ECG...
Hypertensive Emergency
Jan, 25, 2022 via Shahriar Lahouti. Last Update 20 July 2026. CONTENTS Preface Case scenario Background Mean arterial pressure Hypertension- definition Pathophysiology Approach to hypertensive emergencies Algorithm...